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Termokarst

Termokarst er en geologisk prosess hvor isrik permafrost brytes ned som følge av at rennende vann trenger inn. Nedbrytingen resulterer i utslipp av organisk karbon (se permafrost karbonsyklus). Dette er en rask prosess, svært variabel og avhengig av en rekke lokale forhold: hydrologi, geomorfologi, vegetasjon, klima og geologi.

Termokarst brukes også om en egen landform som oppstår når permafrosten tiner. Smeltevannet samler seg med nedbør i forsenkninger. Disse vokser fordi vannet har høyere temperatur enn isen omkring, som da smelter enda raskere. Spesielt store slike forsenkninger kalles alass.

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