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Crioconite

La crioconite è una formazione polverosa, combinazione di piccole particelle di roccia, fuliggine e batteri, che riempie i fori di fusione sulla superficie del ghiaccio (sacche di crioconite). Poiché il cryoconite assorbe la radiazione solare (albedo basso) e promuove il scoglimento di ghiaccio, si formano i buchi cilindrici (soltanto durante l’estate). Componenti dei cryconiti sono:

  • Particelle minerali terrestri – quarzo, feldspato, mica, calcite, minerali di argilla
  • Inquinanti (fuliggine)
  • Microbi e materia organica (alghe, cianobatteri, funghi, virus, sostanze umiche)

I buchi possono anche ospitare semi dormienti da lontano e invertebrati (come i tardigradi).

La crioconite crea un meccanismo di feedback positivo e contribuisce in modo significativo al scioglimento glaciale.

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